Polynomial Addition Using Linked List

Oct 3, 2022 · 2 mins read

Add two polynomials using Linked List

Algorithm

Recursive Approach (Easy)

If both the numbers are null then return.

else if compare the power, if same then add the coefficients and recursively call
addPolynomials on the next elements of both the numbers.

else if the power of first number is greater then print the current element of first number and recursively call addPolynomial on the next element of the first number and current element of the second number.

else print the current element of the second number and recursively call addPolynomial on the current element of first number and next element of second number.

C++ Implementation Code

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

/* 
Question
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
let two polynomial be (4x^5 + 3x^4 + 5x^2 + 4x + 8) & (6x^5 + 7x^3 + 2x^2 + 8x + 10).
Now write a fuction to add these two polynomial equations.
*/

class node{
    public:
    int coeff;
    int power;
    node* next;

    //Constructor
    node(int coeff, int power){
        this->coeff = coeff;
        this->power = power;
        this->next = NULL;
    }
};
   
void addPolynomials(node *head1, node *head2){

    if(head1==NULL && head2==NULL){
        return;
    }
    else if(head1->power == head2->power){
        cout<<" "<<head1->coeff +  head2->coeff<<"x^"<<head1->power<<" ";
        addPolynomials(head1->next,head2->next);
    }
    else if(head1->power > head2->power){
        cout<<" "<<head1->coeff<<"x^"<<head1->power<<" ";
        addPolynomials(head1->next,head2);
    }
    else{
        cout<<" "<<head2->coeff<<"x^"<<head2->power<<" ";
        addPolynomials(head1,head2->next);
    }
}

int main()
{

    // (4x^5 + 3x^4 + 5x^2 + 4x + 8) 
    node* head1 = new node(4,5);
    head1->next = new node(3,4);
    head1->next->next = new node(5,2);
    head1->next->next->next = new node(4,1);
    head1->next->next->next->next = new node(8,0);
    // (6x^5 + 7x^3 + 2x^2 + 8x + 10)
    node* head2 = new node(6,5);
    head2->next = new  node(7,3);
    head2->next->next = new node(2,2);
    head2->next->next->next = new node(8,1);
    head2->next->next->next->next = new node(10,0);
    cout<<"Answer: ";
    addPolynomials(head1,head2);

    return 0;
}

Output

Answer:  10x^5  3x^4  7x^3  7x^2  12x^1  18x^0